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A presidential election took place in Romania in 2014, and was held in two rounds, on November 2 and 16. In the first round, out of fourteen runners the top two candidates qualified in a run-off. Victor Ponta, current Prime Minister and leader of the Social Democratic Party won around 40% of the vote, and Klaus Iohannis, mayor of Sibiu and leader of Christian Liberal Alliance, won around 30%. Following large protests on how Ponta's government organized the elections in the diaspora, Klaus Iohannis staged a surprising come-back and won the run-off with 54.5%, or more than a million votes more than his contender. Ponta, serving as Prime Minister of Romania since May 2012, ran his campaign on promoting a national reconciliation message of a "great union" between all Romanians,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Romania to elect new president after 'wretched' campaign )〕 defending his governance as balanced, with both left-wing and progressive measures, and promising to end the "era" established by the incumbent president, Traian Băsescu. However, his government faced some indirect international criticism, with U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Victoria Nuland criticizing in October 2014 what she called the "cancer of democratic regression and corruption" in several Central and Southeastern European nations and with politicians who "protect the corrupt office holders from prosecution and bypass parliament as often as it suits them". Iohannis, a Transylvanian Saxon, focused his campaign on judicial independence and fiscal relaxation,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=DEZBATERE IOHANNIS - PONTA. Cearta pe pensii, salarii, imunitate si votul diasporei. Cine a "castigat" meciul pe internet )〕 and promised to promote "Romania of thoroughness" and a "Romania of things well done," while blaming the country's economic and political problems on the regional governance of the Social Democratic Party, the so-called "barons". The electoral campaign ran between 3 October and 1 November and was overshadowed by several corruption scandals (Microsoftgate,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title='Microsoftgate' scandal rocks Romania )〕 EADS, illegal retrocessions)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Romanian Prime Minister’s father-in-law prosecuted in EUR 300 mln illegal forest restitution case )〕 involving key figures of PSD, but also the candidate Elena Udrea. Outgoing President Traian Băsescu accused Victor Ponta of being an undercover spy, incompatible under the Romanian legislation with a public position,〔 while Klaus Iohannis faced accusations of incompatibility filed by the National Integrity Agency after September 2013. Following very long voting times and large numbers of people who couldn't vote before the closing of polls in diaspora, large protests were staged in multiple cities across Romania and at Romanian embassies before the second round. This was regarded as both incapacity and unwillingness of Ponta's government to organize fair elections, and led to a surprisingly large turnout of over 64% (largest since 1996), and a surprise win for Iohannis in the second round. == Background == Traian Băsescu won the last presidential election in 2009 and was sworn in for his second term on 21 December 2009. According to the Article 83 of the Constitution of Romania, the "term of office of the President of Romania is five years, being exercised from the date the oath was taken,"〔Constitution of Romania, (Article 83 )〕 but only for up to two terms. The dates were decided by the government in February: * 5 September: the Supreme Court announced the composition of the Central Electoral Bureau for the presidential election, composed of judges from the High Court of Cassation and Justice appointed by lot, representatives of the Permanent Electoral Authority and of the political parties. Judge Veronica Năstasie is elected president of the Central Electoral Bureau. * 23 September: last day for submitting candidacies and the electoral insignia of the candidates. * 24 September: the Central Electoral Bureau validated all the 14 submitted candidacies. * 3 October–1 November: electoral campaign. * 2 November, 7 a.m.–9 p.m.: first round of the presidential election, with over 18.3 million people in the country and 530,000 Romanians abroad expected to go to the polls.〔 * 6 November: validation and publication of the election results in the Official Monitor. * 7–15 November: electoral campaign for second round. * 16 November 7 a.m.–9 p.m.: second round of the presidential election. * 21 November: validation and publication of the election results in the Official Gazette.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Romanian presidential election, 2014」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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